ch.3+part+2

civilization- the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced Code- a system of words, letters, figures, or other symbols substituted for other words, letters, etc., esp. for the purposes of secrecy Focus- the center of interest or activity Patriarchal- of, relating to, or characteristic of a patriarch. Pharaoh- a ruler in ancient Egypt. Judaism- the monotheistic religion of the Jews. Monotheistic- the doctrine or belief that there is only one God. Covenant- an agreement Prophet- a person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God Caste system- a social structure which classes are determined by heredity Network- an arrangement of intersecting horizontal and vertical lines. Hinduism- a relatively low-cost computer designed chiefly to provide Internet access without the full capabilities of a standard personal computer. Buddhism- a widespread Asian religion or philosophy, founded by Siddartha Gautama in northeastern India in the 5th century bc. Core- the central or most important part of something, in particular Confucianism- a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.
 * Define**:


 * Identify**:





Patriortical, they guys are in charge Reflects eye for an eye, if you do bad things, bad things will happen to you They are monotheistic a social structure which classes are determined by heredity The Mandate of Heaven, as long as the people were happy, you stayed emperor. If the people weren't happy you stopped being Emperor.
 * 1) 1 - What principle was a fundamental part of the Code of Hammurabi?
 * 1) 2 - What was the Egyptian belief of “divine kingship?”
 * 1) 3 - How was Judaism different from other Eastern religions?
 * 1) 4 - What was the caste system in India?
 * 1) 5 - What gave Chinese rulers the right to rule and how could this right be lost?

=** Unit Two ** =

=****polis**:** = a city-state in ancient Greece, esp. as considered in its ideal form for philosophical purposes. goal**:** the object of a person's ambition or effort; an aim or desired result =****adult**:** = a person who is fully grown or developed tyrant**:** a cruel and oppressive ruler **democracy:** a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives **oligarchy:** a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution **direct democracy:** **Direct democracy**, classically termed **pure democracy** **philosophy:** the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, esp.when considered as an academic discipline. **Socratic method:** named after the [|Classical Greek] [|philosopher] [|Socrates], is a form of inquiryand debate between individuals with opposingviewpoints based on asking and answeringquestions to stimulate [|critical thinking]  and toilluminate ideas.[|[] **foundation:** (often foundations ) the lowest load-bearing part of a building, typicallybelow ground level.
 * Define**:

1.What were the three different types of residents in a polis? citizens with voting rights, citizens without voting rights, everybody else 2.What is the Socratic method? Presumed that all knowledge is already present in all people & that careful questioning can draw it out. 3.5Look at the three Greek Philosophers and BRIEFLY outline their ideas about government. socrates thinks everyone is born smart, plato thinks that philosopher kings warrior class & everybody else, aristotle constitutional government





=**Unit 3** =

patricians: an aristocrat or nobleman. plebeians: (in ancient Rome) a commoner. republic: a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their electedrepresentatives, and which has an elected or nominated president ratherthan a monarch. Senate: any of various legislative or governing bodies, in particular Christianity: the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefsand practices. Catholic Church: The **Catholic Church**, alsoknown as the **Roman Catholic Church**, is the world's largest[|Christian] church, claiming over a billion members.[|[1] ] Its spiritual and administrative head is the<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; url(http: //www.wikispaces.com/i/a.gif); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; padding-right: 10px;">[|Pope].
 * Define**

<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px;">is the earliest known law code of Rome. It is lost except as reconstructed from references by later Roman writers. For them it was obsolete, being written in an earlier form of the language (conventionally called Old Latin), and thus at times unintelligible.
 * 1) 1 - How did the Twelve Tables differ from the Law of Nations?

the rule by the senate, laws binding all people in rome and the structure of the military (such as centuraions commanders and gernerals)
 * 1) 2 - What were some of the administrative achievements of the Roman Empire?


 * 1) 3 - What attracted people to Christianity?

=
<span style="font-size: 1.033em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 30px; line-height: 32px;">it was more personal than the Roman religion and offered eternal life and salvation. Second, it gave people a sense of belonging to a community. Third, Christianity appealed to every class and was especially attractive to the poor and powerless. Every individual, regardless of status, could gain salvation. =====


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Unit four

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**Part 4** ** =

Islam: the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.
 * Define**:

grant: agree to give or allow (something requested) to // : a letter granting them permission to smoke.// See note at  give.

feudalism: the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility heldlands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.

common law: the part of English law that is derived from custom and judicial precedent rather than statutes. Often contrasted with statutory law.

.  Magna Carta: a charter of liberty and political rights obtained from King John of England byhis rebellious barons at Runnymede in 1215, which came to be seen as the seminal document of English constitutional practice.

confer: grant or bestow (a title, degree, benefit, or right) // : moves were made to// confer //an honorary degree// on //her.// See note at  give.

parliament: the highest legislature, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons


 * Identify**:




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<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 30px; line-height: 32px;">belief, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.
 * 1 - diagram of the main characteristics of Islam.**

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 30px; line-height: 32px;">Pope crowned Charlemagne the first Roman emperor
 * 2 - How did Islam help to unite the regions of the Middle East?**

feudalism
 * 3 - What system replaced centralized power in Europe in the Middle Ages?**

there is no debate
 * 4 - What was the benefit of instituting the common law?**

<span style="font-family: Arial,Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 30px; line-height: 32px;">**<span style="color: #002db2; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">feudalism, ****<span style="color: #002db2; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">common law, ****<span style="color: #002db2; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magna Carta, ****<span style="color: #002db2; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Parliament **
 * 5 - What were some of the developments of the High Middle Ages?**


 * 6 - What was the effect of the Reformation on religious life in Europe?**